Diffusion of Potassium Permanganate

Hello! Welcome back to another Wednesday Science period! Today we did a little experiment resonating with diffusion, here's what I used!

Equipment:

Tweezers

Petri Dish

KMn04 (Potassium)

Cold & Hot water

Question: Does temperature speed up or slow down Diffusion?

Result/Observation: Crystal in the hot water grew and expanded 2x the size of the crystal in the cold water. Why? The particles in the hot water are moving faster than the particles in the cold water, which means that diffusion will happen quicker. 

Conclusion: The experiment was interesting because that was the first time I had seen something like that. It was also cool to see the effect the different temperatures of water would have on the potassium permanganate.

Rising Water

Hello! Today is a Monday, and maybe if you've been reading my blogs you may have noticed that on Mondays, I have Science! We're going to have a special experiment on Wednesday this week (something to do with dry ice!) so be on the lookout for a blog about that.

Anyway, let's talk about today. We just did a small experiment in which we had the following materials...

Materials

Candle

Petrie dish (or a bowl/plate works fine too)

Water

Cup

Lighter/Matches

What was our aim?

To see what happens to the water level when the candle is covered

Hypothesis

I predict that the gas from the fire will just form an interesting looking pattern.

Something that looks similar to this.

What is happening inside the cup?

Essentially the flame of the candle is consuming the oxygen.  As you can in the picture above, it talks about high pressure and low pressure. While the cup is on the flame, the pressure is high, and when you release the cup, the air gets cold and that's what causes low pressure. So basically the air is expanding and the water is contracting.  When you do the experiment, you can see tiny bubbles escaping under the cup which shows that the increased air pressure from the heated air as the candle burns. Once the candle runs out of oxygen, the candle burns out and the remaining air inside cools down.

Conclusion

As soon as we covered the lit candle with the cup the water started to rise a little, maybe even bubble before the candle went out in less than a few seconds. Not much happened in today's experiment but like I mentioned earlier, this was just a small one for today.

Here's a video you could check out of someone do this experiment so you can visually see what we did! 

Dilution and filtration

Hola! On Wednesday last week, my science class did an experiment! We used a chemical called Copper nitrate, we also used water. We diluted the solution 4 times. After that, we made a little cone out of filter paper, put it in a funnel and poured our solution in. Why did we do that? Over the next few days, crystals should've formed. 

Looking back today. there are small crystals along the side of the filter paper. I think that the experiment has worked. 

Questions - 1. Which test tube had the most concentrated sample of Copper nitrate?

The first test-tube had the most concentrated sample of copper nitrate.

2. When we added water what were we doing to the concentration of the solution?

We were diluting the solution 

3. Which concentration of copper nitrate formed the most precipitate, why do you think this is the case?

The last one, by the 4th test tube copper nitrate, had been diluted x1000. 

Solvent: The liquid

Solute: The solid you are trying to dissolve.

Filtrate: Separating the solute (solid) from the solvent (liquid).

Precipitate: When a solid forms in a liquid.

Water Boats

 Hello and welcome back to Term 2! First period I have Science and for our first task this term we used bunsen burners and made little containers out of paper and looked at how long our container would hold up against fire.

Aim: Designing a container out of paper that holds water and doesn't catch on fire.

Method: We first designed the container that we thought would hold water, second we set up all our equipment, turned on the gas and put our container on the tripod, lastly we turned off the gas when our container started to collapse or go up in flames.

6 things we used: Bunsen burner, beaker, A4 paper, water, heat mat, tripod

Results: My container withstood the fire for about 15 seconds.

Conclusion: Our containers base wasn't as strong as we would've liked it to be. It got through the paper in a short amount of time. Something I would do differently next time is create layers and make the base stronger. One tip I would give to someone doing an experiment is to make the air hole is closed (labelled in the diagram).

Heart Dissection

Ni Hao! In Science, we did a heart dissection! You may have seen my blog about my chicken leg dissection in which I stated that for my next experiment I would've liked to do something more interesting like an eye or a heart.

Aim: to look at the structure of the heart

Method: Gloves, scalpel, tray, scissors, tweezers, cleaning supplies, newspaper, and a Heart!

1) Put newspaper on your tables and put on gloves

2) Get a tray

3) Get one piece of each instrument

4) Send one person in your group to collect the heart

Process

1) Cut off the fat

2) Cut down the aorta into the left chamber, which is the large chamber

3) Fibers in the heart (strings) help to keep the structure of the heart together

4) Found the pulmonary artery which flows blood into the lungs

Conclusion

The heart looked quite interesting especially when I pulled it apart. It was cool to look through all the arteries and examine all the fibers.  

Chicken Leg Dissection

 Hello! Last week in Science we dissected a chicken leg! 

Materials: A chicken drumstick with thigh, dissecting probe, scalpel, dissection scissors, paper towels, forceps, dissecting tray, gloves, disinfectant hand wash and spray.

Safety: 1. Wear gloves

2. Do not put anything in your mouth (fingers, pens, etc) during the dissection

3. Wash your hands thoroughly at the end of the dissection with antibacterial soap and hot water. Ensure your hands are dried after washing.

4. Spray surfaces with antibacterial soap.

3 things I found interesting

After my partner and I had made a cut along the side, we were kind of struggling to see inside even with forceps. Our teacher advised us to stick our thumb inside to help us be able to see. 

When we had just started cutting into the muscle we had found our first piece of tendon! It was stringy and honestly quite tough.

Since tendons and ligaments are actually quite strong we had to cut through them to find the tibia and the fibula. My partner grabbed one side, and I grabbed the other and we both twisted the chicken to hear a satisfying crack. 

Defenition

Femur - The femur is the biggest bone and it's like our thigh bone

Tibia - The tibia is similar to our shin bone.

Fibula - The fibula is 

Muscle - moves our bones

Tendon - connects muscles to the bones

Adipose - is the body fat

Bone - Gives us structure and protects us

Ligament - connects bone to bone

Conclusion

The experiment was actually quite fun and I had actually been waiting to dissect for a long, long time. When I had to put my thumb inside I got a little grossed out but overall the experience was great. I might insert pictures of the experiment later. I would like to dissect something like and eye or a heart next time

Flying Rockets

 Hola! On Tuesday for science, our hurumanu class finally launched our rockets that we'd been working on for the past few weeks. I worked with Hamid, Risha and Mea. We researched on what would make our rocket fly better and land without issues. 

Many groups added cardboard wings to the sides of their rockets but we did something extra and added another parachute to ours. The landing was much smoother in the end. 

Solar Ovens

 Hola! In Science last Thursday we made solar ovens! In groups of 3-4, we got pieces of cardboard, foil, skewers, and tape.

We could shape it however we wanted to. My group covered our whole structure in the foil. Once done, the teacher gave us a biscuit and two marshmallows each to put inside. We went outside and waited. The result took a while to come so we got magnifying glasses to speed up the process. 

We used the reflection coming through the magnifying glass to burn the marshmallows.

Have you ever made a solar oven?

Sphero's - Science

 Hi! Today in Science, we used Spheros. We had to use paper to make a course. My partner and I decided to cut out triangles so the robot could travel in a zig-zag pattern. We decided from either blocks or drawing. The block one was where you actually had to code out what you wanted the sphero to do. On the other side, with the drawing part, you had to draw out where you wanted the robot to go.

The videos and pictures are not currently uploading but I will edit this blog post later when it's possible.

Science On The Ice

Kamusta! For this week in Reading, we have to choose a text and do an activity. I chose a text called "Science On The Ice" and I decided to make my own book cover!


        Hope you like it! If you had the chance to visit Antarctica would you go? If so, why? Let me know in the comments!

Recycling - Science Hurumanu

Aim: To learn practical ways of recycling so that we can make our world a better place.

               The Zero Waste Climate Solution movie 


Video questions:

1. What has human activity does to our planet?
Created unnatural greenhouse gases


2. What is Zero Waste?

Definition: One of the quickest and cheapest ways a community can immediately reduce climate impact.

3. What stuff has a carbon footprint? 
Phones, Clothes, Bags, Toothbrush, Breakfast, Bottles

4. What are 4 easy things to help our planet?

1. Reduce
2. Redesign
3. Reuse
4. Repair


 5. What do we need to recycle?
Repairing products, sharing products, 

6. What does recycling do to our planet?
Recycling releases Co2 emissions


7. How much of our rubbish is made up of food scraps?
50% = Compostable material


8. What does methane gas do to our planet?
It traps sunlight. It is 84x more potent than CO2 over the short term


9. What does soil do to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
Pulls carbon dioxide down from the atmosphere.



10. What do using zero waste practices do to our planet?
Compost





                     What is a carbon footprint?

What is your Carbon Footprint?

Carbon Footprint Calculator

You are now going to look at your own carbon footprint by taking a questionirre. Remember to 'Add details to improve accurcay'.

Based on the questionaire what is your:

1. Ecological Footprint
2. Carbon Footprint

How many planets did you have?




What is your personal Earth overshoot day?
ENERGY SAVING TIPS FILM

Name 4 of the tips.

  
  
  

MY INVESTIGATION.

Image result for rates of decomposition



Choose 6 items from the list.
Investigate them using Google.
Answer the 4 questions below.


Name: 
How long does this resource take to decompose?
What resource / fossil fuel are they made from?
How does making this object contribute to climate change?
How is this resource recycled?

The Water Cycle

AIM: TO LOOK AT THE WATER CYCLE AND HOW CLIMATE CHANGE IS AFFECTING IT.	The Water Cycle: Bag 1	CO2 Water Cycle: Bag 2 Acid	Desert Water Cycle Bag 3
Does it cycle?	Yes	Yes	Yes
Amount of Water	2	2	2
Acidity	1	3	1

Key: Water and acidity amount: 1 = none 

2 = small 

3 = large 

Materials

1. Water/Soda Water

2. Bag

3. Food colouring

4. Litmus Paper

5. Vivid

6. Sand

Steps

1. Get the materials you need from the Teacher

2.  Draw the diagram of the Water Cycle on the bag

3. Label the Water Cycle diagram

4. Get one cup of soda water or water and put it into the bag

5. 2 drops of food colouring into your bag]

6. Hang the bag up on a window (Bag 2 I added Litmus Paper)




Other Comments:                                     
=
 1. Bag 1 cycled water

2. Bag 1 had a small amount of water 

3. The acidity in bag 1 was low

4. Bag 2  cycled the soda water

5. Bag 2 had a small amount of soda water

6. The acidity in bag 2 was high

7. Bag 3 cycled water

8. Bag 3 had a small amount of water

9. The acidity in bag 3 was low

Conclusion

Bag 1 is the water-based bag. Since it was just plain water in there I expected it to condensate. 

Bag 2 was the soda-based bag. Since it was soda I thought the bag would puff up. I didn't expect it to condensate.

Bag 3 was the sand-based bag with little drops of water in it. I didn't actually know Mr Palmer (Science teacher) was going to do this experiment. But if I knew I wouldn't expect it to work since it would be so dry.

The experiment was fun to make as we got to do a lot of it by ourselves. After 2 weeks it was interesting to see all the condensation in the plastic bags and how the Litmus strips had changed colour. Next time when we do this experiment I would want it to be Summer as it would be hot. 

Fossil Fuels - Science

Hurumanu - Fossil Fuels.


Aim: To look at how fossil fuels are contributing to climate change and how we can prevent this.

Definition of Fossil Fuels:

A dark-brown to a black solid substance formed naturally from the compaction and hardening of fossilized plants and used as a fuel primarily for electricity generation
natural gas: a mixture of hydrocarbon gases that occurs naturally beneath the earth’s surface and is used as a fuel primarily for cooking and heating homes
renewable resource: a resource that is never used up (e.g., solar energy)
non-renewable resource: a resource that is not replaceable after its use (e.g., coal, gas)


  Activity: 

In groups of 3 you will learn about different fossil fuels and the way they are mined?
Each group will be given a fossil fuel. The recorder will read it to the group. The recorder will write down some of the important points.

Person 1: Recorder: to write down 5 points of interest from the text. 
5 Points:
Positives and negatives of your type of mining.

Person 2: Reporter: to read back to the class their 5 points of interest.

Person 3: Collector: Gathers the required stationary from the teacher.



Mining Fossil Fuels

What Fossil Fuels are mined?

Mining is used to extract solid fossil fuels, such as coal, by digging, scraping, or otherwise exposing buried resources. Drilling methods help extract liquid or gaseous fossil fuels that can be forced to flow to the surface, such as conventional oil and natural gas.
\

How are they mined?

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Where are they mined?

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5.

Activity

On the sheet provided you need to make two drawings of your cookie. 
1. looking down at it. 
2. side on -  of the imaginary habitat that will live on the top of the cookie. ( trees, buses, flax, sea, etc)

Material:


  
  

Steps:
  
  
  
  
  
Once you have drawn your cookies you must take 2 pictures and upload them to your blog.

Findings: What did you find out as a result of your mining?

Conclusion: 

Climate Change - The Facts

                       Hurumanu - Climate Change

Hi Bloggers! Here is my new Science blog post, this post is all about the effect of Climate Change on our world. Have fun reading!

Aim: To look at the causes of climate change and how to prevent it.

Climate Change video; The Facts video

What is our greatest threat in thousands of years?
Our greatest threat in thousands of year are:Greater StormsGreater FloodsGreater heats waves Extreme High Sea Level Rise


How do we see climate change affecting the globe?
We can see the Climate Change affecting our globe by the temperature was getting hotter.



What is needed to change history?
We needed to stop making cars because we will burn more fossil fuels than before.

Is climate change a man-made disaster?
Climate change is a man-made disaster because we burned fossil fuels too much and It let out a dangerous Gas which is Carbon dioxide. Carbon Dioxide trap the heat we get from the Sun and that's why the planet is getting hotter and hotter.



Dramatic action must be made in the next __ years to change it?
Answer: 10 years

Why is our climate changing?
Our climate is changing because we're burning too many fossils fuels in order to get energy/power for our cars, trains etc.

What is causing the warming trend of the climate?
The thing that causes the warming trend of the Climate is burning too much fossil fuels.

What is the main problem?
The main problem is that burn too many fossil fuels in order to make energy for our Cars etc.



What are examples of these?
The example effects of Climate change is that animals are dying because they are unable to live with this much heat.

Burning fossil fuels releases what gas?
Burning fossil fuels releases a Carbon Dioxide gas.

How much hotter now is our world?
1°C hotter than it was in industrial times.

What do we call this global warming?
Climate Change



How is this affecting creatures/animals like bats?
They are not able to live because the temperature is getting hotter and hotter caused by Climate Change. 

What percentage of species are near extinction?
The percentage of species are near extinction is 88%.

How could this affect the world ecosystems?
It affects the world ecosystem by our animals are slowly going to be extinct. In 2018 in Australia, the weather got hotter about 42°C and the Bats couldn't handle the heat that they are getting and 11 thousand died and they only saved about 350 Bats.


What global change was seen and recording breaking last year?
Our world gets hotter and hotter and it breaks the lasts years record by 1°C. 1°C is enough to melt the snows in the mountains.


How is climate change affecting our weather systems?
1. Extremely strong floods/storms
2. Heavy Heatwaves 
3. Powerful rain

What is another effect of climate change?
The other effects of climate change are that the Ice in the mountains is malting because the heat has increased, and the sea level is getting higher.

What will happen if the ice melts in Antarctica and the Arctic?
It will increase the Sea level even more than it is right now.

How does this affect people?
It also affects people by having Wildfires. Last year as the temperature rise there's a broken record of wildfires around the globe; Western US and California. In California, there's a 24 worth Billion of damages.



What other things affect oceans change?
The other things that affect Ocean is that is getting bigger and bigger because they are getting warmer. Over 90% of heat is trapped in our atmosphere and it has been stored in the ocean.

What does to much heat do to the corals?
Too much heat makes Corals die.

Why did some industries not want to stop burning fossil fuels?
Some industries do not want to stop because that's the way they do to produce energy

Stop at 23.39

Investigation

You can decide on how you would like to do this investigation. Your presentation could be on the blog, slides, or Powerpoint.

Write a definition, upload an image and list where these fossil fuels are mined.

1. Coal
Image result for coal images
Picture of Coal
Coal is one of the fossils fuels and they can be found in almost everywhere around the world. The largest coals can be found in the United States, Russia, China, Australia and India.

2. Oil 
Image result for Oil in the ground  images
Picture of Oil

Oil is one of the fossils fuels as well. Oil can be found underground and it almost looks like Rocks. Two of the countries that use Oil renewable fossil fuels is Saudi Arabia and Russia.

3. Natural Gas

s

Natural gas is also one of the renewable fossil fuels. It can be found deep underground just like Oil. Two of the countries that use Natural Gas energy is Algeria and Venezuela.
Write a paragraph and upload an image about each of these renewable energies.


1. Solar


Solar is renewable energy. It can give energies by getting heat from the Sun. Two of the topmost country that uses Solar is Germany (48.4GW) and Japan (63.3GW).
Solar is good to use because first of all, It's renewable because we get heat from the Sun every day and it also decreases the Oil that we use to make energy.

2. Wind



The wind is one of the renewable resources. It is abstract and you can't see it but you can feel it. It is useful, especially If a country has a lot of strong winds. That's why Humans invented Windmill. You get energy from Windmill if the Windmill is spinning because of the strong wind. One of the Top 2 most countries that have Windmills is Canada and France.


3. Wave Power


Wave power is one of the renewable energy sources. How does it work? Well, there's a high-tech device placed on the surface of the ocean. Because the motion of Waves is up and down it gives energy. Two of the countries that used Wave Power is Scotland and Nothern Canada.

4. Hydro


Hydro is a renewable source of energy, and that energy comes from Water. It is electric energy and there's a lot of those like dams and reservoirs. China and Canada are the top 2 countries which have the most of these 2 things.

Write a 6 sentence reflection about what you have learnt about Climate Change and how it is going to effect us.

Climate Change will be very harmful since as the ice is melting in the Arctic regions the sea levels are rising and countries are being submerged under water and people are having to evacuate. And even the bats are dying because of the rough heat waves in Australia. We're losing our animals which keep the Earth more lively and intertwined. We have time, but it's not much. We have to do something.